Manufacture of skate blades with thickened edges



Sept. 18,1928.

H. DORNSEIF' MANUFACTURE OF SKATE LADEs WITH THICKENED EDGES Filed0ot..2, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig.2

Jm en for 2 J01)? Se Sept. 18,.19g8. 1,684,950

H. DORNSEIF MIINUFACETURE OF SKATE BLADES WITH THICKNED EDGES Filed Oct.2, 1925 I 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jim enter:

Sept. 18, 1928. I 1,684,950

- H. DORNSEIF l MANUFACTURE OF SKATE BLADES WITH- THICKENED EDGES FiledOct. 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Jnvenfor:

H. DORNSEIF MANUFACTURE'OF SKATE BLADES WITH THICKENED ED'GES Sept. 18,1928.

Filed 0012,1925 4snets-Shtf'4 Jnvenfor 2 Jar-nae? Patented Sept. 18,1928.

HIlTGO DOR-NSEIF, 0F BADEVGPIMKHALD, GERMANY.

MANTUFAGTURE 0F SKATE BLADES XVITH. TI-IICKENED EDGES.

Application filed October 2, 1325, Serial No 60,116, and in GermanyOctober 2, 1924.

It has already been proposed to manufacture skateblades with a thickenededge by stamping out of sheet or band steel a blank or work-piece ot thecontour of the skate 1; and then upsetting this work-piece on edge inthe cold in order to form a rib on each side of the blade-edge. Thisknown procoss has not been proved practicable in the first place becauseupsetting the blade si- Eu multaneously throughout its entire lengthrequires exceedingly higghpressure, which can be produced only withpresses of very considerable dimensions, and in the second place becausethe edge of the work-piece in to be upset tends to bend under thepressure of the upsetting stamp inwards that side whereon the burr wasformed when the work-piece was stamped. In consequence, the materialworked on, when it is upset,

2o flows first of all only toward one side and it must then be forcedtowa ds the other side, whereby the structure of the material isdetrimentally affected and a faulty article is produced.

Now the object of the present invention is to render this known processpracticable by requiring for carrying out the process only acomparatively small. pressure and accordingrly a small machine, and atthe. same c-sc time obtaining work-pieces which are thororrqhli freefrom fault.

According to the present invention the skate-blade is no longer upsetsimultaneously throughout its entire length but is up set progressivelystep by step from one end to the other in such a manner that, at eachstep, only a fraction of the total length of the skate-blade issubjected to the upsetting pressure. Moreover, order to avoid bendingthe edge towards one side and to obtain a uniform spreading, towardsboth sides, of the material to be upset the outwa d flow of the materialis limited at both sides to correspond to the desired cross sectionalshape of the edge, while simulta iurously those'portions of thenon-upset and already upset edge which are adjacent to the place beingworked are supported on both sides. This limitation of the material andsimultaneous guidance of adjacent portions of the v the simplest mannerby forming in the stamp a groove which serves as upsetting matrix, whichgroove, at that portion therewhich behind in the. direction of at} e arebrought about in vance of the work-piece, has a width corresponding tothe thickness of the non-upset work-piece, while at its middle portionit widens gradually to the full width of th thickened edgr'e oi theskate, its depth simultaneously gradually diminishing, and then itcontinues with a constant width. In order to facilitate the reshapingwork the upsetting stamp moves preferably not at right angles to theedge of the skate-blade but at such an angle thereto that the centreline of the upsetting stamp about bisects the angle between said edgeand the slanting face connecting the non-upset to the upset portion ofthe edge. As experiments have proved. it is possible by the newprocessto upset the edge of the skate-blade with a minimum consumptionof power while at the same time work-pieces which are quite faultlessare obtaine I I The new process may be carried out on a simple and lightmachine omprising a press-slide or hammer movable up and down. It ismost advantageous to employ a mechanical hammer constructed in themanner of a file-cutting machine and provided. with a work-piece slideadjustable on an inclined plane. The accompanying drawings illustrate inFi s. 11O thereof a first example oi the new process in connectionwithtools as well as a mach ne for carrying out said process.

Figs. 11 to 19, inclusive, cover a modification of my machine and willbe described in the latter part of the specification.

Ot these figures?- Fig. 1 shows the upsetting stamp, the work-piece andthe jaws containin the latter, partly in side elevation and partly invertlcal section,

Fig. 2. is an elevation of the stamp as viewed from the right of Fig. 1,y

Fig. 3 a bottom plan view of the upsetting stamp,

Fig. i a section on the line A-A in Fig.

Fig. "5 a section on the line B-B in Fig. I,

Fig. 6 a section on the line CC in Fig. 7 p j Fig. 7 a side elevation ofthe work-piece pa t-1y upset and partly not upset,

l i 8 a top view oi the same,

Fig. 9 a secti oi'i on the line in Fig.

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Fig. 10' a front elevation of the machine for carrying out the newprocess.

In the new process, as heretofore a workpiece a of the contour of theskate-bladeis first stamped out of sheet or band steel. This work-pieceof which, since it known, only a portion is shown in the drawing is asusual held gripped in an upright position between two clamping jaws 7),b in such man{ ner that the edge to be upset projects upwardly above thejaws. The two clamping jaws b, Z), aremounted on a slide a which isfitted so as to be longitudinally displaceable on the inclined bed (Z ofthe spring-hammer (Fig. 10) and can be moved step by step by suitablefeeding means in the direction of the arrow On the hammer 7' which ismovable up and down above the bed is secured an upsetting stamp 9wherein, in its lower side which is slanted off correspondingly to theinclination of the bed (Z, a channel It is formed which serves asupsetting matrix, and which preferably has a wedgeshaped cross sectionfor the purpose of readily applying and raising the stamp to and fromthe work-piece. The bottom face of the channel has, in the portion 1which is behind in the direction of advance of the slide 0, the samewidth as the upper edge of the non-upset portion a of the work-piece. At

5 the middle portion 20f itslength the channel h widens gradually to thefull width of the thickened, that is, upset edge a while simultaneouslythe depth of the channel gradually diminishes. There'upon the channel atits portion'3 continues at the same depth and width. If desired however,as illustrated in Fig. 4, the channel may be again widened at its end 4which is in front in the direction of advance in order that thework-piece may here be free from the sidewalls of the channel.

The work-piece is advanced intermittently or step by step below thehammer f in the direction of the arrow 03 by means of the slide 0, whilesaid hammer is lifted in regular succession by means of a cam-disc andthen given a blow-like movement downwards by means of the spring 5. Thestroke of the hammer is so limited that it can go no further downwardsas soon as thebottom faces of the narrow and wide portions 1 and 3respectively of the channel 72 formed in the stamp come in contact withthe upper edge of non-upset and already uJset portions a andrespectively of t e work piece a.

On the latter portions,.therefore, no substantial pressure is exerted,but the side walls of the channel mainly coact with them-so that theworkpiece is supported on I both sides by the side-walls of the channeland consequently preserved. from bending over to one side. On the otherhand an upset-ting pressure is exerted on that portion a of thework-piece, that is, the portion imsure.

mediately in front of and behind the section line BB in Fig. 1, which isat the moment facing the portion 2 connecting the narrow and deep to thewide and shallow first blow arrives at a wider portion of the channeland consequently can flow outwardly to a greater width, and so on, whileat each advance a portion of the work-piece which had hitherto not beenupset is simultaneously subjected to a first upsetting pres- Thedistance advancedat each step may be made so small that the shaping of agiven length of the blade-edge, e. g. of a portion of the length of theconnecting portion 2 of the channel 71., maybe effected in a very largenumber of stages, and there fore quite gradually. Moreover, since on theone hand outward flow of the material towards both sides is limited andon the other hand during the upsetting movement the work-piece, both infront of and behind the place being upset, has its upper edge supportedon both sides by the walls of the portions 1 and 3, bending of thework-piece and spreading of the same only towards one side are entirelyavoided. The upset material always spreads out uniformly towards bothsides so that no destruction of its structure leading to a faultyproduct can occur. The intermittent advance of the slide 0 is continueduntil the entire workpiece has passed below the hammer f and thebladeedge has been thereby upset throughout its entire length.

The inclination of the bed (I is preferably so chosen that the verticalcentre line of the upset-ting stamp about bisects the angle a: betweenthe upper edge of the already upset portion a of the blade of the skateand the inclined upper edge of the portion (L2 being shaped. Thepressure ofthe stamp is thereby given a direction specially ad.-vantageous forthe work of shaping, while at the same time no substantiallateral pressures due to the resistance of the material are produced onthe stamp. Tf desired the work-piece might have a different inclinationto suit the form of the stamp so that the direction of pressure might bemore or less at right angles to the upper edge of the portion a beingshaped. I

As seen from the drawing, the bottom face of the channel formedin theupsetting stamp may be curved in the transverse direction in order toprovide the edge of the skate at once with a groove which is otherwiseproduced by grinding. The said face may howwhat narrower towards thebottom since it.

straight edge is shown, obviously the new,

process may be employed for the manufacture oil: skate-blades with bowedor curved edges. In this case the slide 0 carrying the work-piece wouldadvantageously be guided on .a bed of correspondingly curved upper faceor made capable of being swung about the centre of the are formed by theedge.

In the above described apparatus for carrying out the new processthewalls serving for laterally supporting the portion at the moment beingupset and these portions of the blade-edge which are immediatelyadjaccnt to this are located wholly on the upsetting stamp. The latterconsequently embraces both the non-upset and the finished portion of theedge, which requires that in the cross-sectional formation of thefinished edge regard must be paid to the raising of the stamp from thework-piece, by making the crosssection of the thickened edge some isnecessary for the repeated raising 01 the upsetting stamp from theworlepiece that the sidewalls of the channel in the stamp shouldconverge upwardly. i

In order to have free choice of the crosssectional shape of thethickened edge it is recommended that the'apparatus be so de-' signedthat the upsetting stamp contains in addition to the pressure face onlythe lateral supporting faces for the non-upset and the at-tirstHIUOIXlplGtSlY upset portions ot the work-piece, whereas the lateralsupporting laws for the final iy upset portionare located on the jawswhich clamp the work-piece. With this distribution of the supportingfaces, in the cross-sectional formation of the thickened edge no regardneed be paid to the raising oi the stamp from the Workpiece. Thesidc-fi1ces for late-rally supporting the finally upset edge may eitherbe parallel or converge downwardly because they no longer move up anddown with the stamp. Consequently it is possible to give Y to thethickened edge a cross-section which is constant throughout its entireheight or. even becomes \VlClGIZtOWzlIClS the bottom.

This shade of cross section is advanta eous.

inasmuch as the side-faces oi theedge then form with the preferablyconcave b'lade-lace by ditliculty arises in bringing again. into theprescribed form the operative faces of the clamping jaws which becomebent in consequence of distortion during hardening. lVhe-reas in thecase of the clamping jaws of the apparatus according to Figs. 11O theclamping races lying in one plane can be comparatively easily reground,regrinding off the walls of the profiled channel .in the clamping jawsis very tedious and slow, it not impossible. Straightening the jawsunder a press in a single operation does not come into considerationbecause after removal of the pressure the jaws return to their curvedcondition in consequence of their elasticity. tedious and slow finishingwork on the hardened clam-ping jaws by grinding, according to thepresent invention, when a work-piece is secured, the clamping jaws areto be so tightly clasped between a wall of the slide containing them anda key capable of displacen'ient parallel to the jaws and entendin gthroughout their entire operative length that they are straightened bythe pressure of the key and consequently made perfectly plane. Thedilliculty of being able to tighten up the key sulliciently firmly andrelease it is met by providing for tightening and releasing the key twospring-hami'ners at the ends of the gri 'iping device, which hammerscomprise hammer-spindles guided parallel to the key. The spring-hammersnot only permit the key to be-tightened as firmly as desired but havealso the advantage that the tightening and release of the key andconsequently the exchange of the work-pieces can be et tented in anexceedingly short time.

Figs. .1 1-19 off the accompanying drawings. show by way o t examplethis modified apparatus, of which figure.

11 shows the upsetting stamp, workpiece and'clamping jaws securing thelatter, partly in side elevation and partly in vertical longitudinalsection,

Fig. 12 is a bottom plan View of the upsetting stamp,

Fig. 13 a top plan view of the clamping aws,

Figs. 14%? are four vertical sectionsrespectively on the lines 4+4, 5,6-6 and 7-7 in Fig. 11, s

Fig. 18 is a side elevationol the slide containing the clamping jaws forthe work piece, and

Fig. 19 a top plan viewot the same.

The two clamping jaws 5, Z) which receive between themselves the uprightskate-blade a are again mounted on a'slide c which is so mounted as tobe longitudii'ially displaceable in the inclined bed of a springhammeraccording to Fig. and can be intermittently advanced in the direction ofthe arrow :0 by means of suitable feed mechanism. The upsetting stamp gmounted on a hammer movable up and down above tl'le bed and is Now inorder to avoid the Whereas in the apparatus 1-10 the clamping jaws bhave on their pagain slanted off on its lower side, correspondii'igly tothe inclination of the machinebed.

In the lower side of the upsetting stamp g is formed a channel it, thelateral walls of which converge upwardly. In contradistinction to theupsetting stamp in the example according to Figs. 1-10. this channeldoes not extend over the entire bottom face of the stamp butonly aboutover that half of said face which is behind in the direction of ad vanceof the work-piece arrow a). The said channel has at its rear awidthcorresponding to the thickness of the crude worla: piecewhiletowaids the middle of the stamp it gradually widens while its depthsimulposite sides simply plane clamping faces throughout which leavebetween themselves a, gap for receiving that upper portion of the bladewhich remains unchanged, in the example according to Figs. 1119 this gap18 widened in the upper portion of the jawfaces to form a channel khaving the same width and cross-sectional shape as the thickened. edgeto be produced.

llpsetting of that portion of the blade which rises freely from theclampine j aws 7) is effectedinterm ttently as above described, theupsetting stamp falling: on the workpiece and being again raised inregular succession. and the slide 0 with the two clamping jaws 7)containing the work-piece being advanced. at each lift of the stamp 7- apredetermined distance in the direction of the arrow n Similarly as inthe example.

according: to Figs. 1.4.0 both the portion at the moment being reshapedand these portions immediately adjacent-tothe reshaping: place aresupported laterally by the wallsof.

the channels 71. and 1". so that both bending and unilateral spreadingof the blade-material are avoided.

In 7 cont-radistincti on to the longer provided wholly ,in the upsettingstamp 1 but in part in the clamping jaws b.

in fact. in the upsetting stamp are arranged only tho e lateral faceswhich support the non-upset portion of the blade ed we and theincompletely upset portion. which the sup porting faces for the finallyupset portion."

first example; however the lateral supporting faces are no of the edgeare located in the clampingjaws These supporting faces no longer sharethe u pand-down motion of the stamp (j so that they may be eithervertical or downwardly convergent, whereby the blade-edge may beprovided either with parallel faces or with downwardly convergentlateral faces forming: with the blade-tace an acute angle.

two springdiammers mounted at the ends of the slide a. 'Each of. the twospring-hammers comprises a hammer-spindleo which is guided parallel tothe key n and is influenced by a powerful spring P pressing against thekey and which carries a tappetarm (1. To coact with the arm is provideda cam r mounted on a shaft a transverse to the spindle O. Wheat-heshafts .isrotated in the direction of the arrow l the cam r presses thespindleo outwardly against the tension of the spring p at regularintervals. whereupon the spring eac time returns the spindle inwardlywith a blow-like movement. One or the other resilient hammer is actuatedaccording to whether the key is to be tightened. or released. which maybe brought about bythe aid of a belt and fast and loose pulleys mountedon" the shaft 8 or in any other suit able manner. Owing to thearrangement of the sprin Qf-llflll'll'nGIS the key u. may be tight cnedso firmly thatthe two clamping jaws which as is well known becomedistorted.

I perfectly straightened when a work-piece i1 gripped. Consequently thetedious and slow work of finishing; the operative faces of the hardeningjaws is dispensed with.

lVhat I'claim is 1. In a machine for cold blank for the productionthereon of a run ner edge of widened cross-section with respectto thethickness of the blank body. a

support for the blank. a die of a lengrth for swaging a comparativelysmall portion of the edge of the blank'compared with its length on eachswaging action. saiddie haying: a. channeled swaging face provided withan inclined central swag'i-ng surface. a shallow front portion toembrace and hold the unswacred edge of the blank in advance of theswaering point from lateral deflection. and a. relatively deeper andflaring rear portion to emhraceand hold the swagedportion of theblank inrear of the swaginsr point from lateral. deflection. means forreciprocating said die to act on successive short portions.

swagin a skate of the blank as presented thereto by intermittentrelative movements between the blank and die, and means for shifting thesupport and'blank relative to the die to present new portions of theblank to the action of the die successively from end to end of theblank.

2. In a machine for the manufacture of skate-blades with a thickenedrunning edge, the combination of a support for holding a blank stampedout with the contour of a skate-blade, a reciprocatory die for upsettingthe running edge of the'blank at short length stages progressively bystep by step swaging actions from end to end of the blank means forproducing relative motion between the die and support for successivelybringing different portions of the blank into the plane of Wei 1 meansfor adjusting the support at an inclination to the longitudinaldirection of the running edge of the blade.

3. In a machine according to claim 1,

die (as g) formed on its bottom with a channel having a rear portion (1)of a width corresponding to the thickness of the blank. a middleportion(2) which gradually widens to the width of the intended thickenedrunning edge while simultaneously gradually decreasing in depth in aforward direction, and a front portion of :1 Width and depthcorresponding to the thickness of the intended thickened running edge tobe formed upon the blank.

l. In a machine according to claim 1, the

arrangement of the work face of the upsetporting faces for the finallyupset portion of the running edge of the blank.

6. In a machine according to claim 1, anupsetting hammer formed with achannel having an offsetting portion. said channel being narrow and deepbehind, but wide and shallow in front of said offsetting portion, saidchannel terminating; at the end of said wide and shallow portion flushwith the bot tom face of the hammer, and relatively adjustable clampingjaws formed with a groove corresponding to the finished running cage ofthe skate-blade.

7 In a machine according to claim 1, a stationary and a movable clampingjaw for ng motion of the die, and

securing the blank a key longitudinally displaceable with respect tothejaws, and two springactuated displacing hammers arranged at the endof the clamping device for action on said key.

S. The method of cold swaging a skate blank for the production thereonofa runner edge of widened cross-section with respect to the thicknessof the blade body,

which consists-in upsetting the edge of the blank, starting at one endof the blank, by successive strokes of a die at successive short lengthzones, stages progressively from such end of the blank toward. theopposite end of the blank so as todisplace the metal laterally at eachzone stage relatively to the body of the blank to equal degrees on bothsides of the blank to thereby form a widened edge of a determinedcross-section while limiting the outward lateral flow of the metalatboth sides of blank at each upsetting stage and supporting the blankagainst lateral deflection in adjacent Zones lying in front and rear ofsuch stage, and relatively shifting the blank and die interi'nittentlyto bring different portions of the edge of the blank successively intoposition for the stage by stage upsetting action.

9. In a cold swaging machine for the manufacture of skate blades with athickened running edge, means for holding a skate blank,- a die havingan acting surface for swaging a comparatively small portion of the edgeof the blank with respect to its length on each complete swaging actionof said die and channeled portions .to embrace the blank in the regionof its edge at and in front and rear of the swaging point to limit thelateral displacement of the metal and to support the blank againstlateral deflection, and means for producing arelative feed motionbetween the blank and die lengthwise of the former for successivelypresenting portions of the edge of the blank to the action of the diefrom end to end of the blank.

10. ln a machine for cold swaginga skate blank for the production of arunner edge upon the blank of widened cross-section with respect to theblank, a hammer having a channeled. die face to embrace the edge of theblank on each working motion thereof, said channel being continuous fromend to end of said die face and having a front por tion of minimum widthand maximum depth, a rear portion of maximum width and less depth, andan intern'iediate portion of increasing width from front to rear and ofvarying depth. the wall of the intermediate portion of the channelforming a swaging surface inclining at an angle between the top walls ofsaid front and rear portions.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

HUGO 'DORNSEIF.

